- Iran warned the U.S. against any "adventurous action" and vowed decisive, proportionate retaliation if American, Israeli or regional forces attack, with senior diplomats contacting Turkey, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia.
- Kuwait said it downed hostile drones launched by Iran that hit a military site and damaged property; there were also reported maritime incidents near Oman that have scared off shipping through the Strait of Hormuz.
- Oil prices are up (Brent rose about 24% in July) as threats to key routes like the Strait of Hormuz and Bab el‑Mandeb raise the risk of wider energy supply disruption — something that could show up at the pump.
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