- A U.S. exception letting private firms buy fuel for Cuba has unleashed a visible black market — gasoline being sold from apartments and Instagram ads — with prices spiking to about $10 a liter (roughly $38 a gallon).
- The shortages and rolling blackouts are reshaping daily life: buses are unreliable, taxis charge huge sums (one trip quoted at 1,000 pesos vs. a 2-peso bus fare) and some restaurants stay open on generator fuel few can afford (average government pay is about $10/month).
- Authorities are tentatively opening the energy sector — nearly 200 private wholesalers, a first foreign fuel venture and possible private use of state pumps — but the state still controls ports and retail stations, so the outcome is uncertain.
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