- Bengen’s ideal retirement mix: 65% stocks, 30% intermediate-term bonds (including TIPS), and 5% cash — with equal stock exposure to large-, mid-, small-, micro-caps and international.
- Rebalance regularly: sell outperformers back to target weights to avoid concentration risk and use proceeds (plus dividends/bond income) to fund spending or cash reserves.
- Updated spending guide: about a 4.7% safe withdrawal rate for a 30–35 year horizon and ~4.1% for 60–70 years; younger investors (>5 years from retirement) can stay 100% stocks and gradually glide down to 65%.
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