$40,000 6-month CD vs. $40,000 1-year CD: Which will earn more interest now?

With $40,000, a 1‑year CD at 4.11% would earn about $1,644 vs ~$812 for a 6‑month CD at 4.10% — roughly $832 more for the year.
The gap is due to time, not rate: a tiny 0.01% edge plus a full year of interest doubles the return vs six months, but you lose access to the money (and face penalties if you withdraw early).
Because rates are volatile, it pays to shop around and decide whether predictability (longer CD) or flexibility (shorter CD) better suits your plans.